Before Verses
Bengali
Verse Text
Synonyms
Translation
Purport
CHAPTER SIXTEEN
The Pastimes of the Lord in His Childhood and Youth
This chapter fully describes Lord Caitanya’s kaiśora-līlā, or the activities He performed just before attaining youth. During this time He studied deeply and was victorious over greatly learned scholars. During His kaiśora-līlā the Lord also sported in the water. He went to East Bengal to secure financial assistance, cultivate knowledge and introduce the saṅkīrtana movement, and there He met Tapana Miśra, whom He instructed about spiritual advancement and ordered to go to Vārāṇasī. While Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu was touring East Bengal, His wife, Lakṣmīdevī, was bitten by a serpent or by the serpent of separation, and thus she left this world. When the Lord returned home, He saw that His mother was overwhelmed with grief because of Lakṣmīdevī’s death. Therefore at her request He later married His second wife, Viṣṇupriyā-devī. This chapter also describes the Lord’s argument with Keśava Kāśmīrī, the celebrated scholar, and the Lord’s criticism of his prayer glorifying mother Ganges. In this prayer the Lord found five kinds of literary ornaments and five kinds of literary faults, thus defeating the paṇḍita. Later the Kāśmīrī Paṇḍita, who was known to have been victorious all over the country, submitted himself to the goddess of learning, and by her order he met Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu on the morning of the next day and surrendered unto Him.
Bengali
কৃপাসুধা–সরিদ্যস্য বিশ্বমাপ্লাবয়ন্ত্যপি ।
নীচগৈব সদা ভাতি তং চৈতন্যপ্রভুং ভজে ॥ ১ ॥
নীচগৈব সদা ভাতি তং চৈতন্যপ্রভুং ভজে ॥ ১ ॥
Verse text
kṛpā-sudhā-sarid yasya
viśvam āplāvayanty api
nīca-gaiva sadā bhāti
taṁ caitanya-prabhuṁ bhaje
viśvam āplāvayanty api
nīca-gaiva sadā bhāti
taṁ caitanya-prabhuṁ bhaje
Synonyms
kṛpā-sudhā — of the nectar of the mercy; sarit — river; yasya — whose; viśvam — the whole universe; āplāvayantī — inundating; api — although; nīca-gā eva — more inclined to the poor and fallen; sadā — always; bhāti — is manifest; tam — Him; caitanya-prabhum — Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu; bhaje — I worship.
Translation
I worship Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, whose nectarean mercy flows like a great river, inundating the entire universe. Just as a river flows downstream, Lord Caitanya especially extends Himself to the fallen.
Purport
Narottama dāsa Ṭhākura has sung, śrī-kṛṣṇa-caitanya prabhu dayā kara more. He prays for Lord Caitanya’s mercy because He is the mercy incarnation, having appeared especially to reclaim the fallen souls. The more fallen one is, the greater one’s claim to the favor of Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. One must only be very sincere and serious. Despite being contaminated by all the bad qualities of this Kali-yuga, if one surrenders unto the lotus feet of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, the Lord will surely and certainly deliver him. The best example is Jagāi and Mādhāi. In this Age of Kali practically everyone is like Jagāi and Mādhāi, but the saṅkīrtana movement inaugurated by Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu is still flowing like a great river, inundating the entire world, and thus the International Society for Krishna Consciousness is successfully claiming all fallen souls to free them from contamination.
Bengali
জয় জয় শ্রীচৈতন্য জয় নিত্যানন্দ ।
জয়াদ্বৈতচন্দ্র জয় গৌরভক্তবৃন্দ ॥ ২ ॥
জয়াদ্বৈতচন্দ্র জয় গৌরভক্তবৃন্দ ॥ ২ ॥
Verse text
jaya jaya śrī-caitanya jaya nityānanda
jayādvaitacandra jaya gaura-bhakta-vṛnda
jayādvaitacandra jaya gaura-bhakta-vṛnda
Synonyms
Translation
All glories to Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu! All glories to Lord Nityānanda! All glories to Advaitacandra! And all glories to all the devotees of the Lord!
Bengali
জীয়াৎ কৈশোর–চৈতন্যো মূর্তিমত্যা গৃহাশ্ৰমাৎ ।
লক্ষ্ম্যার্চিতোঽথ বাগ্দেব্যা দিশাংজয়ি–জয়চ্ছলাৎ ॥ ৩॥
লক্ষ্ম্যার্চিতোঽথ বাগ্দেব্যা দিশাংজয়ি–জয়চ্ছলাৎ ॥ ৩॥
Verse text
jīyāt kaiśora-caitanyo
mūrti-matyā gṛhāśramāt
lakṣmyārcito ’tha vāg-devyā
diśāṁ jayi-jaya-cchalāt
mūrti-matyā gṛhāśramāt
lakṣmyārcito ’tha vāg-devyā
diśāṁ jayi-jaya-cchalāt
Synonyms
jīyāt — long live; kaiśora — situated in the kaiśora age; caitanyaḥ — Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu; mūrti-matyā — having accepted such a body; gṛha-āśramāt — from a householder’s life; lakṣmyā — by Lakṣmī; arcitaḥ — being worshiped; atha — then; vāk-devyā — by the goddess of learning; diśām — of all directions; jayi — the conqueror; jaya-chalāt — on the plea of conquering.
Translation
Long live Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu in His kaiśora age! Both the goddess of fortune and the goddess of learning worshiped Him. The goddess of learning, Sarasvatī, worshiped Him in His victory over the scholar who had conquered all the world, and the goddess of fortune, Lakṣmīdevī, worshiped Him at home. Since He is therefore the husband or Lord of both goddesses, I offer my obeisances unto Him.
Bengali
এই ত’ কৈশোর–লীলার সূত্র–অনুবন্ধ ।
শিষ্যগণ পড়াইতে করিলা আরম্ভ ॥ ৪ ॥
শিষ্যগণ পড়াইতে করিলা আরম্ভ ॥ ৪ ॥
Verse text
ei ta’ kaiśora-līlāra sūtra-anubandha
śiṣya-gaṇa paḍāite karilā ārambha
śiṣya-gaṇa paḍāite karilā ārambha
Synonyms
Translation
At the age of eleven Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu began to teach students. This marks the beginning of His kaiśora age.
Bengali
শত শত শিষ্য সঙ্গে সদা অধ্যাপন ।
ব্যাখ্যা শুনি সর্বলোকের চমকিত মন ॥ ৫ ॥
ব্যাখ্যা শুনি সর্বলোকের চমকিত মন ॥ ৫ ॥
Verse text
śata śata śiṣya saṅge sadā adhyāpana
vyākhyā śuni sarva-lokera camakita mana
vyākhyā śuni sarva-lokera camakita mana
Synonyms
Translation
As soon as the Lord became a teacher, many, many students came to Him, every one of them astonished to hear His mode of explanation.
Bengali
সর্বশাস্ত্রে সর্ব পণ্ডিত পায় পরাজয় ।
বিনয়ভঙ্গীতে কারো দুঃখ নাহি হয় ॥ ৬ ॥
বিনয়ভঙ্গীতে কারো দুঃখ নাহি হয় ॥ ৬ ॥
Verse text
sarva-śāstre sarva paṇḍita pāya parājaya
vinaya-bhaṅgīte kāro duḥkha nāhi haya
vinaya-bhaṅgīte kāro duḥkha nāhi haya
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord defeated all kinds of scholars in discourses about all the scriptures, yet because of His gentle behavior, none of them were unhappy.
Bengali
বিবিধ ঔদ্ধত্য করে শিষ্যগণ–সঙ্গে ।
জাহ্নবীতে জলকেলি করে নানা রঙ্গে ॥৭ ॥
জাহ্নবীতে জলকেলি করে নানা রঙ্গে ॥৭ ॥
Verse text
vividha auddhatya kare śiṣya-gaṇa-saṅge
jahnavite jala-keli kare nānā range
jahnavite jala-keli kare nānā range
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord, as a teacher, performed various kinds of pranks in His sporting pastimes in the water of the Ganges.
Bengali
কতদিনে কৈল প্রভু বঙ্গেতে গমন ।
যাঁহা যায়, তাঁহা লওয়ায় নাম–সংকীর্তন ॥ ৮ ॥
যাঁহা যায়, তাঁহা লওয়ায় নাম–সংকীর্তন ॥ ৮ ॥
Verse text
kata dine kaila prabhu baṅgete gamana
yāhāṅ yāya, tāhāṅ laoyāya nāma-saṅkīrtana
yāhāṅ yāya, tāhāṅ laoyāya nāma-saṅkīrtana
Synonyms
Translation
After some days the Lord went to East Bengal, and wherever He went He introduced the saṅkīrtana movement.
Purport
Although Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu and His devotees in disciplic succession can defeat all kinds of learned scholars, scientists and philosophers in arguments, thus establishing the supremacy of the Personality of Godhead, their main business as preachers is to introduce saṅkīrtana everywhere. Simply to defeat scholars and philosophers is not the occupation of a preacher. Preachers must simultaneously introduce the saṅkīrtana movement, for that is the mission of the Caitanya cult.
Bengali
বিদ্যার প্রভাব দেখি চমৎকার চিতে ।
শত শত পড়ুয়া আসি লাগিলা পড়িতে ॥ ৯ ৷৷
শত শত পড়ুয়া আসি লাগিলা পড়িতে ॥ ৯ ৷৷
Verse text
vidyāra prabhāva dekhi camatkāra cite
śata śata paḍuyā āsi lāgilā paḍite
śata śata paḍuyā āsi lāgilā paḍite
Synonyms
Translation
Struck with wonder by the influence of Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu’s intellectual prowess, many hundreds of students came to the Lord and began studying under His direction.
Bengali
সেই দেশে বিপ্র, নাম—মিশ্র তপন ।
নিশ্চয় করিতে নারে সাধ্য–সাধন ॥ ১০ ॥
নিশ্চয় করিতে নারে সাধ্য–সাধন ॥ ১০ ॥
Verse text
sei deśe vipra, nāma — miśra tapana
niścaya karite nāre sādhya-sādhana
niścaya karite nāre sādhya-sādhana
Synonyms
Translation
In East Bengal there was a brāhmaṇa named Tapana Miśra, who could not ascertain the objective of life or how to attain it.
Purport
One must first ascertain the object of life and then understand how to attain it. The Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement is pointing out to everyone that the object of life is to understand Kṛṣṇa, and to attain that goal of life one must practice Kṛṣṇa consciousness, following the methods prescribed by the Gosvāmīs with reference to the authoritative śāstras and Vedas.
Bengali
বহুশাস্ত্রে বহুবাক্যে চিত্তে ভ্রম হয় ।
সাধ্য–সাধন শ্রেষ্ঠ না হয় নিশ্চয় ॥ ১১ ॥
সাধ্য–সাধন শ্রেষ্ঠ না হয় নিশ্চয় ॥ ১১ ॥
Verse text
bahu-śāstre bahu-vākye citte bhrama haya
sādhya-sādhana śreṣṭha nā haya niścaya
sādhya-sādhana śreṣṭha nā haya niścaya
Synonyms
Translation
If one becomes a bookworm, reading many books and scriptures and hearing many commentaries and the instructions of many men, this will produce doubt within his heart. One cannot in this way ascertain the real goal of life.
Purport
In Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (7.13.8) it is said, granthān naivābhyased bahūn na vyākhyām upayuñjīta: “One should not read many books, nor should one try to make a profession of reciting many books, especially if one is a devotee.” One must give up the ambition to be a learned scholar and in this way earn a worldly reputation and financial facilities. If one diverts his attention to studying many books, he cannot fix his mind in devotional service, nor can he understand many scriptures, for they are full of grave statements and meanings. In this connection Śrīla Bhaktisiddhānta Sarasvatī Ṭhākura gives his opinion that those who are attracted to studying many kinds of literature concerning various subject matters, especially fruitive activities and philosophical speculation, are deprived of unalloyed devotional service because of their splayed attention.
Man has a general tendency toward fruitive activities, religious ritualistic ceremonies and philosophical speculation. A living entity thus bewildered since time immemorial does not understand the real goal of life, and thus his activities in life are wasted. Innocent persons misled in this way are deprived of unalloyed kṛṣṇa-bhakti, devotional service to the Lord. Tapana Miśra is a vivid example of such a person. He was a learned scholar, but he could not ascertain what the goal of life is. Therefore he was given a chance to hear Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu instructing Sanātana Gosvāmī. Lord Caitanya’s instruction to Tapana Miśra is especially significant for persons who loiter here and there collecting books and reading none of them, thus becoming bewildered regarding the aim of life.
Bengali
স্বপ্নে এক বিপ্র কহে,—শুনহ তপন ।
নিমাঞিপণ্ডিত পাশে করহ গমন ॥ ১২ ॥
নিমাঞিপণ্ডিত পাশে করহ গমন ॥ ১২ ॥
Verse text
svapne eka vipra kahe, — śunaha tapana
nimāñi-paṇḍita pāśe karaha gamana
nimāñi-paṇḍita pāśe karaha gamana
Synonyms
Translation
Tapana Miśra, being thus bewildered, was directed by a brāhmaṇa in a dream to go to Nimāi Paṇḍita [Caitanya Mahāprabhu].
Bengali
তেঁহো তোমার সাধ্য–সাধন করিবে নিশ্চয় ।
সাক্ষাৎ ঈশ্বর তেঁহো,—নাহিক সংশয় ॥ ১৩ ৷৷
সাক্ষাৎ ঈশ্বর তেঁহো,—নাহিক সংশয় ॥ ১৩ ৷৷
Verse text
teṅho tomāra sādhya-sādhana karibe niścaya
sākṣāt īśvara teṅho, — nāhika saṁśaya
sākṣāt īśvara teṅho, — nāhika saṁśaya
Synonyms
Translation
“Because He is the Lord [īśvara],” the brāhmaṇa told him, “undoubtedly He can give you proper direction.”
Bengali
স্বপ্ন দেখি’ মিশ্র আসি’ প্রভুর চরণে ।
স্বপ্নের বৃত্তান্ত সব কৈল নিবেদনে ॥ ১৪ ॥
স্বপ্নের বৃত্তান্ত সব কৈল নিবেদনে ॥ ১৪ ॥
Verse text
svapna dekhi’ miśra āsi’ prabhura caraṇe
svapnera vṛttānta saba kaila nivedane
svapnera vṛttānta saba kaila nivedane
Synonyms
Translation
After seeing the dream, Tapana Miśra came to the shelter of Lord Caitanya’s lotus feet, and he described all the details of the dream to the Lord.
Bengali
প্রভু তুষ্ট হঞা সাধ্য–সাধন কহিল ।
নাম–সংকীর্তন কর,—উপদেশ কৈল ॥ ১৫ ॥
নাম–সংকীর্তন কর,—উপদেশ কৈল ॥ ১৫ ॥
Verse text
prabhu tuṣṭa hañā sādhya-sādhana kahila
nāma-saṅkīrtana kara, — upadeśa kaila
nāma-saṅkīrtana kara, — upadeśa kaila
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord, being satisfied, instructed him about the object of life and the process for attaining it. He instructed him that the basic principle of success is to chant the holy name of the Lord [the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra].
Purport
The Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement is based upon this instruction of Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu that one must chant the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra regularly and according to the prescribed principles. We simply ask our Western students to chant at least sixteen rounds a day, but sometimes we find that they fail to chant even these sixteen rounds, and instead they bring many austere books and a worshiping method that diverts their attention in so many ways. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu’s cult is based upon the chanting of the Hare Kṛṣṇa mantra. Lord Caitanya first advised Tapana Miśra to fix his mind on this chanting. We, the members of the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement, must strictly follow this advice of Caitanya Mahāprabhu.
Bengali
তাঁর ইচ্ছা,—প্রভুসঙ্গে নবদ্বীপে বসি ।
প্রভু আজ্ঞা দিল,—তুমি যাও বারাণসী ॥ ১৬ ॥
প্রভু আজ্ঞা দিল,—তুমি যাও বারাণসী ॥ ১৬ ॥
Verse text
tāṅra icchā, — prabhu-saṅge navadvīpe vasi
prabhu ājñā dila, — tumi yāo vārāṇasī
prabhu ājñā dila, — tumi yāo vārāṇasī
Synonyms
Translation
Tapana Miśra desired to live with the Lord in Navadvīpa, but the Lord asked him to go to Vārāṇasī [Benares].
Bengali
তাঁহা আমা–সঙ্গে তোমার হবে দরশন ।
আজ্ঞা পাঞা মিশ্র কৈল কাশীতে গমন ॥ ১৭ ॥
আজ্ঞা পাঞা মিশ্র কৈল কাশীতে গমন ॥ ১৭ ॥
Verse text
tāhāṅ āmā-saṅge tomāra habe daraśana
ājñā pāñā miśra kaila kāśīte gamana
ājñā pāñā miśra kaila kāśīte gamana
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord assured Tapana Miśra that they would meet again in Vārāṇasī. Receiving this order, Tapana Miśra went there.
Bengali
প্রভুর অতর্ক্যলীলা বুঝিতে না পারি ।
স্বসঙ্গ ছাড়াঞা কেনে পাঠায় কাশীপুরী ॥ ১৮ ॥
স্বসঙ্গ ছাড়াঞা কেনে পাঠায় কাশীপুরী ॥ ১৮ ॥
Verse text
prabhura atarkya-līlā bujhite nā pāri
sva-saṅga chāḍāñā kene pāṭhāya kāśīpurī
sva-saṅga chāḍāñā kene pāṭhāya kāśīpurī
Synonyms
Translation
I cannot understand the inconceivable pastimes of Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu, for although Tapana Miśra wanted to live with Him in Navadvīpa, the Lord advised him to go to Vārāṇasī.
Purport
When Tapana Miśra met Him, Caitanya Mahāprabhu was living in household life, and there was no indication that in the future He would accept the sannyāsa order. But by asking Tapana Miśra to go to Vārāṇasī, He indicated that in the future He would accept sannyāsa and that when He would teach Sanātana Gosvāmī, Tapana Miśra would take advantage of the opportunity to learn the object of life and the real process for attaining it.
Bengali
এই মত বঙ্গের লোকের কৈলা মহা হিত ।
‘নাম’ দিয়া ভক্ত কৈল, পড়াঞা পণ্ডিত ॥ ১৯ ॥
‘নাম’ দিয়া ভক্ত কৈল, পড়াঞা পণ্ডিত ॥ ১৯ ॥
Verse text
ei mata baṅgera lokera kailā mahā hita
‘nāma’ diyā bhakta kaila, paḍāñā paṇḍita
‘nāma’ diyā bhakta kaila, paḍāñā paṇḍita
Synonyms
Translation
In this way Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu contributed the greatest benefit to the people of East Bengal by initiating them into hari-nāma, the chanting of the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra, and making them learned scholars by educating them.
Purport
Following in the footsteps of Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu, the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement is distributing the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra and inducing people all over the world to chant. We are giving people an immense treasury of transcendental literature, translated into all the important languages of the world, and by the grace of Lord Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu this literature is selling profusely and people are chanting the Hare Kṛṣṇa mahā-mantra with great delight. This is the preaching process of the Caitanya cult. Since the Lord wanted this cult preached all over the world, the International Society for Krishna Consciousness is acting in a humble way so that the vision of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu may be fulfilled all over the world, especially in the Western countries.
Bengali
এই মত বঙ্গে প্রভু করে নানা লীলা ।
এথা নবদ্বীপে লক্ষ্মী বিরহে দুঃখী হৈলা ॥ ২০ ॥
এথা নবদ্বীপে লক্ষ্মী বিরহে দুঃখী হৈলা ॥ ২০ ॥
Verse text
ei mata baṅge prabhu kare nānā līlā
ethā navadvīpe lakṣmī virahe duḥkhī hailā
ethā navadvīpe lakṣmī virahe duḥkhī hailā
Synonyms
Translation
Because the Lord was engaged in various ways in preaching work in East Bengal, His wife, Lakṣmīdevī, was very unhappy at home in separation from her husband.
Bengali
প্রভুর বিরহ–সৰ্প লক্ষ্মীরে দংশিল ।
বিরহ–সৰ্প–বিষে তাঁর পরলোক হৈল ॥ ২১ ॥
বিরহ–সৰ্প–বিষে তাঁর পরলোক হৈল ॥ ২১ ॥
Verse text
prabhura viraha-sarpa lakṣmīre daṁśila
viraha-sarpa-viṣe tāṅra paraloka haila
viraha-sarpa-viṣe tāṅra paraloka haila
Synonyms
Translation
The snake of separation bit Lakṣmīdevī, and its poison caused her death. Thus she passed to the next world. She went back home, back to Godhead.
Purport
As stated in the Bhagavad-gītā (8.6), yaṁ yaṁ vāpi smaran bhāvaṁ tyajaty ante kalevaram: one’s practice in thinking throughout his entire life determines the quality of his thoughts at death, and thus at death one obtains a suitable body. According to this principle, Lakṣmīdevī, the goddess of fortune from Vaikuṇṭha, who was absorbed in thought of the Lord in separation from Him, certainly went back home to Vaikuṇṭhaloka after death.
Bengali
অন্তরে জানিলা প্রভু, যাতে অন্তর্যামী ।
দেশেরে আইলা প্রভু শচী–দুঃখ জানি’ ॥ ২২ ॥
দেশেরে আইলা প্রভু শচী–দুঃখ জানি’ ॥ ২২ ॥
Verse text
antare jānilā prabhu, yāte antaryāmī
deśere āilā prabhu śacī-duḥkha jāni’
deśere āilā prabhu śacī-duḥkha jāni’
Synonyms
Translation
Lord Caitanya knew about the disappearance of Lakṣmīdevī because He is the Supersoul Himself. Thus He returned home to solace His mother, Śacīdevī, who was greatly unhappy about the death of her daughter-in-law.
Bengali
ঘরে আইলা প্রভু বহু লঞা ধন–জন ।
তত্ত্ব–জ্ঞানে কৈলা শচীর দুঃখ বিমোচন ॥ ২৩ ॥
তত্ত্ব–জ্ঞানে কৈলা শচীর দুঃখ বিমোচন ॥ ২৩ ॥
Verse text
ghare āilā prabhu bahu lañā dhana-jana
tattva-jñāne kailā śacīra duḥkha vimocana
tattva-jñāne kailā śacīra duḥkha vimocana
Synonyms
Translation
When the Lord returned home, bringing with Him great wealth and many followers, He spoke to Śacīdevī about transcendental knowledge to relieve her of the grief she was suffering.
Purport
It is stated in the Bhagavad-gītā (2.13):
dehino ’smin yathā dehe kaumāraṁ yauvanaṁ jarā
tathā dehāntara-prāptir dhīras tatra na muhyati
tathā dehāntara-prāptir dhīras tatra na muhyati
“As the embodied soul continuously passes, in this body, from boyhood to youth to old age, the soul similarly passes into another body at death. The self-realized soul is not bewildered by such a change.” Such verses from the Bhagavad-gītā or any other Vedic literature give valuable instructions on the occasion of someone’s passing away. By discussing such instructions from the Bhagavad-gītā or Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, a sober man can certainly understand that the soul never dies but rather passes from one body to another. This is called transmigration of the soul. A soul comes into this material world and creates bodily relationships with a father, a mother, sisters, brothers, a wife and children, but all these relationships pertain to the body, not the soul. Therefore, as described in the Bhagavad-gītā, dhīras tatra na muhyati: one who is sober is not disturbed by such phenomenal changes within this material world. Such instructions are called tattva-kathā, or real truth.
Bengali
শিষ্যগণ লঞা পুনঃ বিদ্যার বিলাস ।
বিদ্যা–বলে সবা জিনি’ ঔদ্ধত্য প্রকাশ ॥ ২৪ ॥
বিদ্যা–বলে সবা জিনি’ ঔদ্ধত্য প্রকাশ ॥ ২৪ ॥
Verse text
śiṣya-gaṇa lañā punaḥ vidyāra vilāsa
vidyā-bale sabā jini’ auddhatya prakāśa
vidyā-bale sabā jini’ auddhatya prakāśa
Synonyms
Translation
After coming back from East Bengal, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu again began educating others. By the strength of His education He conquered everyone, and thus He was greatly proud.
Bengali
তবে বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া–ঠাকুরাণীর পরিণয় ।
তবে ত’ করিল প্রভু দিগ্বিজয়ী জয় ॥ ২৫ ॥
তবে ত’ করিল প্রভু দিগ্বিজয়ী জয় ॥ ২৫ ॥
Verse text
tabe viṣṇupriyā-ṭhākurāṇīra pariṇaya
tabe ta’ karila prabhu digvijayī jaya
tabe ta’ karila prabhu digvijayī jaya
Synonyms
Translation
Then Lord Caitanya married Viṣṇupriyā, the goddess of fortune, and thereafter He conquered a champion of learning named Keśava Kāśmīrī.
Purport
As in the modern day there are many champions in sports, so in bygone days there were many learned scholars in India who were champions in learning. One such person was Keśava Kāśmīrī, who came from the state of Kashmir. He traveled all over India and at last came to Navadvīpa to challenge the learned scholars there. Unfortunately he could not conquer the learned scholars in Navadvīpa, for he was defeated by the boy scholar Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Later he understood that Caitanya Mahāprabhu is none other than the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Thus he surrendered unto Him and later became a pure Vaiṣṇava in the sampradāya of Nimbārka. He wrote Kaustubha-prabhā, a commentary on the Vedānta commentary of the Nimbārka-sampradāya, which is known as the Pārijāta-bhāṣya.
The Bhakti-ratnākara mentions Keśava Kāśmīrī and lists his predecessors in the disciplic succession of the Nimbārka-sampradāya: (1) Śrīnivāsa Ācārya, (2) Viśva Ācārya, (3) Puruṣottama, (4) Vilāsa (5) Svarūpa, (6) Mādhava, (7) Balabhadra, (8) Padma, (9) Śyāma (10) Gopāla, (11) Kṛpā, (12) Deva Ācārya, (13) Sundara Bhaṭṭa, (14) Padmanābha, (15) Upendra, (16) Rāmacandra, (17) Vāmana, (18) Kṛṣṇa, (19) Padmākara, (20) Śravaṇa, (21) Bhūri, (22) Mādhava, (23) Śyāma, (24) Gopāla, (25) Balabhadra, (26) Gopīnātha, (27) Keśava, (28) Gokula and (29) Keśava Kāśmīrī. It is stated in the Bhakti-ratnākara that Keśava Kāśmīrī was a favorite devotee of mother Sarasvatī, the goddess of learning. By her grace he was an extremely influential scholar, and he was the greatest champion among all the scholars in the four corners of the country. Therefore he got the title dig-vijayī, which means “one who has conquered everyone in all directions.” He belonged to a very respectable brāhmaṇa family of Kashmir. Later, by the order of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, he gave up the profession of winning championships and became a great devotee. He joined the Nimbārka-sampradāya, one of the Vaiṣṇava communities of the Vedic culture.
Bengali
বৃন্দাবনদাস ইহা করিয়াছেন বিস্তার ।
স্ফুট নাহি করে দোষ–গুণের বিচার ॥ ২৬ ॥
স্ফুট নাহি করে দোষ–গুণের বিচার ॥ ২৬ ॥
Verse text
vṛndāvana-dāsa ihā kariyāchena vistāra
sphuṭa nāhi kare doṣa-guṇera vicāra
sphuṭa nāhi kare doṣa-guṇera vicāra
Synonyms
Translation
Vṛndāvana dāsa Ṭhākura has previously elaborately described this. That which is clear need not be scrutinized for good qualities and faults.
Bengali
সেই অংশ কহি, তাঁরে করি’ নমস্কার ।
যা শুনি’ দিগ্বিজয়ী কৈল আপনা ধিক্কার ॥ ২৭ ॥
যা শুনি’ দিগ্বিজয়ী কৈল আপনা ধিক্কার ॥ ২৭ ॥
Verse text
sei aṁśa kahi, tāṅre kari’ namaskāra
yā’ śuni’ digvijayī kaila āpanā dhik-kāra
yā’ śuni’ digvijayī kaila āpanā dhik-kāra
Synonyms
Translation
Offering my obeisances to Śrīla Vṛndāvana dāsa Ṭhākura, I shall try to describe that portion of the Lord’s analysis which, when he heard it, made the Digvijayī feel himself condemned.
Bengali
জ্যোৎস্নাবতী রাত্রি, প্রভু শিষ্যগণ সঙ্গে ।
বসিয়াছেন গঙ্গাতীরে বিদ্যার প্রসঙ্গে ॥ ২৮ ॥
বসিয়াছেন গঙ্গাতীরে বিদ্যার প্রসঙ্গে ॥ ২৮ ॥
Verse text
jyotsnāvatī rātri, prabhu śiṣya-gaṇa saṅge
vasiyāchena gaṅgātīre vidyāra prasaṅge
vasiyāchena gaṅgātīre vidyāra prasaṅge
Synonyms
Translation
Once on a full moon night the Lord was sitting on the bank of the Ganges with His many disciples and discussing literary topics.
Bengali
হেনকালে দিগ্বিজয়ী তাঁহাই আইলা ।
গঙ্গারে বন্দন করি’ প্রভুরে মিলিলা ॥ ২৯ ॥
গঙ্গারে বন্দন করি’ প্রভুরে মিলিলা ॥ ২৯ ॥
Verse text
hena-kāle digvijayī tāhāṅi āilā
gaṅgāre vandana kari’ prabhure mililā
gaṅgāre vandana kari’ prabhure mililā
Synonyms
Translation
Coincidentally, Keśava Kāśmīrī Paṇḍita came there. While offering his prayers to mother Ganges, he met Caitanya Mahāprabhu.
Bengali
বসাইলা তারে প্রভু আদর করিয়া ।
দিগ্বিজয়ী কহে মনে অবজ্ঞা করিয়া ॥ ৩০ ॥
দিগ্বিজয়ী কহে মনে অবজ্ঞা করিয়া ॥ ৩০ ॥
Verse text
vasāilā tāre prabhu ādara kariyā
digvijayī kahe mane avajñā kariyā
digvijayī kahe mane avajñā kariyā
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord received him with adoration, but because Keśava Kāśmīrī was very proud, he talked to the Lord very inconsiderately.
Bengali
ব্যাকরণ পড়াহ, নিমাঞি পণ্ডিত তোমার নাম ।
বাল্যশাস্ত্রে লোকে তোমার কহে গুণগ্রাম ॥ ৩১ ॥
বাল্যশাস্ত্রে লোকে তোমার কহে গুণগ্রাম ॥ ৩১ ॥
Verse text
vyākaraṇa paḍāha, nimāñi paṇḍita tomāra nāma
bālya-śāstre loke tomāra kahe guṇa-grāma
bālya-śāstre loke tomāra kahe guṇa-grāma
Synonyms
Translation
“I understand that You are a teacher of grammar,” he said, “and that Your name is Nimāi Paṇḍita. People speak very highly of Your teaching of beginners’ grammar.
Purport
Formerly Sanskrit schools first taught grammar very thoroughly, and this system continues even now. A student was supposed to study grammar carefully for twelve years in the beginning of his life, because if one is expert in the grammar of the Sanskrit language, all the śāstras are open to him. Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was famous for teaching grammar to students, and therefore Keśava Kāśmīrī first referred to His position as a teacher of grammar. Keśava Kāśmīrī was very proud of his literary career; he was far above the first lessons of grammar, and so he thought the position of Nimāi Paṇḍita not at all comparable to his own.
Bengali
ব্যাকরণ–মধ্যে, জানি, পড়াহ কলাপ ।
শুনিলুঁ ফাঁকিতে তোমার শিষ্যের সংলাপ ॥ ৩২ ॥
শুনিলুঁ ফাঁকিতে তোমার শিষ্যের সংলাপ ॥ ৩২ ॥
Verse text
vyākaraṇa-madhye, jāni, paḍāha kalāpa
śuniluṅ phāṅkite tomāra śiṣyera saṁlāpa
śuniluṅ phāṅkite tomāra śiṣyera saṁlāpa
Synonyms
Translation
“I understand that You teach Kalāpa-vyākaraṇa. I have heard that Your students are very expert in the word jugglery of this grammar.”
Purport
There are many schools of grammar in the Sanskrit language, the most famous of which are the systems of Pāṇini and the Kalāpa and Kaumudī grammars. There were different branches of grammatical knowledge, and a student of grammar was supposed to study them all in twelve years. Caitanya Mahāprabhu, who was famous as Nimāi Paṇḍita, taught grammar to His students, who became expert in dealing with the word jugglery of complicated grammar. Almost anyone expert in studying grammar interprets the śāstras in many ways by changing the root meanings of their words. A student of grammar can sometimes completely change the meaning of a sentence by juggling grammatical rules. Keśava Kāśmīrī indirectly taunted Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu by implying that although He was a great teacher of grammar, such grammatical jugglery of root meanings did not require great expertise. This was a challenge to Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu. Because it was prearranged that Keśava Kāśmīrī would have to discuss the śāstras with Nimāi Paṇḍita, from the very beginning he wanted to bluff the Lord. Thus the Lord replied as follows.
Bengali
প্রভু কহে, ব্যাকরণ পড়াই—অভিমান করি ।
শিষ্যেতে না বুঝে, আমি বুঝাইতে নারি ॥ ৩৩ ॥
শিষ্যেতে না বুঝে, আমি বুঝাইতে নারি ॥ ৩৩ ॥
Verse text
prabhu kahe, vyākaraṇa paḍāi — abhimāna kari
śiṣyete nā bujhe, āmi bujhāite nāri
śiṣyete nā bujhe, āmi bujhāite nāri
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord said, “Yes, I am known as a teacher of grammar, but factually I cannot impress My students with grammatical knowledge, nor can they understand Me very well.
Purport
Since Keśava Kāśmīrī was a little puffed up, the Lord increased his artificial pride by presenting Himself as subordinate to him. Thus He flattered him as follows.
Bengali
কাঁহা তুমি সর্বশাস্ত্রে কবিত্বে প্রবীণ ।
কাঁহা আমি সবে শিশু—পড়ুয়া নবীন ॥ ৩৪ ॥
কাঁহা আমি সবে শিশু—পড়ুয়া নবীন ॥ ৩৪ ॥
Verse text
kāhāṅ tumi sarva-śāstre kavitve pravīṇa
kāhāṅ āmi sabe śiśu — paḍuyā navīna
kāhāṅ āmi sabe śiśu — paḍuyā navīna
Synonyms
Translation
“My dear sir, whereas you are a very learned scholar in all sorts of scriptures and are very much experienced in composing poetry, I am only a boy — a new student and nothing more.
Bengali
তোমার কবিত্ব কিছু শুনিতে হয় মন ।
কৃপা করি’ কর যদি গঙ্গার বর্ণন ॥ ৩৫ ॥
কৃপা করি’ কর যদি গঙ্গার বর্ণন ॥ ৩৫ ॥
Verse text
tomāra kavitva kichu śunite haya mana
kṛpā kari’ kara yadi gaṅgāra varṇana
kṛpā kari’ kara yadi gaṅgāra varṇana
Synonyms
Translation
“Therefore I desire to hear your skill in composing poetry. We could hear this if you would mercifully describe the glory of mother Ganges.”
Bengali
শুনিয়া ব্রাহ্মণ গর্বে বর্ণিতে লাগিলা ।
ঘটী একে শত শ্লোক গঙ্গার বর্ণিল ॥ ৩৬ ॥
ঘটী একে শত শ্লোক গঙ্গার বর্ণিল ॥ ৩৬ ॥
Verse text
śuniyā brāhmaṇa garve varṇite lāgilā
ghaṭī eke śata śloka gaṅgāra varṇilā
ghaṭī eke śata śloka gaṅgāra varṇilā
Synonyms
Translation
When the brāhmaṇa, Keśava Kāśmīrī, heard this, he became still more puffed up, and within one hour he composed one hundred verses describing mother Ganges.
Bengali
শুনিয়া করিল প্রভু বহুত সৎকার ।
তোমা সম পৃথিবীতে কবি নাহি আর ॥ ৩৭ ॥
তোমা সম পৃথিবীতে কবি নাহি আর ॥ ৩৭ ॥
Verse text
śuniyā karila prabhu bahuta satkāra
tomā sama pṛthivīte kavi nāhi āra
tomā sama pṛthivīte kavi nāhi āra
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord praised him, saying, “Sir, there is no greater poet than you in the entire world.
Bengali
তোমার কবিতা শ্লোক বুঝিতে কার শক্তি ।
তুমি ভাল জান অর্থ, কিংবা সরস্বতী ॥ ৩৮ ॥
তুমি ভাল জান অর্থ, কিংবা সরস্বতী ॥ ৩৮ ॥
Verse text
tomāra kavitā śloka bujhite kāra śakti
tumi bhāla jāna artha kiṁvā sarasvatī
tumi bhāla jāna artha kiṁvā sarasvatī
Synonyms
Translation
“Your poetry is so difficult that no one can understand it but you and mother Sarasvatī, the goddess of learning.
Purport
Replying to Keśava Kāśmīrī sarcastically, Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu indirectly minimized the value of his poetry by saying, “Yes, your compositions are so nice that no one but you and your worshipable mother, the goddess of learning, can understand them.” Keśava Kāśmīrī was a favorite devotee of mother Sarasvatī, the goddess of learning, but Caitanya Mahāprabhu, as the master of the goddess of learning, has the right to speak sarcastically of her devotees. In other words, although Keśava Kāśmīrī was proud of being favored by the goddess of learning, he did not know that she is controlled by Caitanya Mahāprabhu Himself because He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Bengali
এক শ্লোকের অর্থ যদি কর নিজ–মুখে ।
শুনি’ সব শ্লোক তবে পাইব বড়সুখে ॥ ৩৯ ॥
শুনি’ সব শ্লোক তবে পাইব বড়সুখে ॥ ৩৯ ॥
Verse text
eka ślokera artha yadi kara nija-mukhe
śuni’ saba loka tabe pāiba baḍa-sukhe
śuni’ saba loka tabe pāiba baḍa-sukhe
Synonyms
Translation
“But if you explain the meaning of one verse, we can all hear it from your own mouth and thus be very happy.”
Bengali
তবে দিগ্বিজয়ী ব্যাখ্যার শ্লোক পুছিল ।
শত শ্লোকের এক শ্লোক প্রভু ত’ পড়িল ॥ ৪০ ॥
শত শ্লোকের এক শ্লোক প্রভু ত’ পড়িল ॥ ৪০ ॥
Verse text
tabe digvijayī vyākhyāra śloka puchila
śata ślokera eka śloka prabhu ta’ paḍila
śata ślokera eka śloka prabhu ta’ paḍila
Synonyms
Translation
The Digvijayī, Keśava Kāśmīrī, inquired which verse He wanted explained. The Lord then recited one of the one hundred verses Keśava Kāśmīrī had composed.
Bengali
মহত্ত্বং গঙ্গায়াঃ সততমিদমাভাতি নিতরাং
যদেষা শ্রীবিষ্ণোশ্চরণকমলোৎপত্তিসুভগা ।
দ্বিতীয়–শ্রীলক্ষ্মীরিব সুরনরৈরর্চ্যচরণা
ভবানীভর্তুর্যা শিরসি বিভবত্যদ্ভুতগুণা ॥ ৪১ ॥
যদেষা শ্রীবিষ্ণোশ্চরণকমলোৎপত্তিসুভগা ।
দ্বিতীয়–শ্রীলক্ষ্মীরিব সুরনরৈরর্চ্যচরণা
ভবানীভর্তুর্যা শিরসি বিভবত্যদ্ভুতগুণা ॥ ৪১ ॥
Verse text
mahattvaṁ gaṅgāyāḥ satatam idam ābhāti nitarāṁ
yad eṣā śrī-viṣṇoś caraṇa-kamalotpatti-subhagā
dvitīya-śrī-lakṣmīr iva sura-narair arcya-caraṇā
bhavānī-bhartur yā śirasi vibhavaty adbhuta-guṇā
yad eṣā śrī-viṣṇoś caraṇa-kamalotpatti-subhagā
dvitīya-śrī-lakṣmīr iva sura-narair arcya-caraṇā
bhavānī-bhartur yā śirasi vibhavaty adbhuta-guṇā
Synonyms
mahattvam — greatness; gaṅgāyāḥ — of mother Ganges; satatam — always; idam — this; ābhāti — shines; nitarām — without comparison; yat — because; eṣā — she; śrī-viṣṇoḥ — of Lord Viṣṇu; caraṇa — feet; kamala — lotus flower; utpatti — generation; subhagā — fortunate; dvitīya — second; śrī — beautiful; lakṣmīḥ — goddess of fortune; iva — like; sura-naraiḥ — by demigods and human beings; arcya — worshipable; caraṇā — feet; bhavānī — of goddess Durgā; bhartuḥ — of the husband; yā — she; śirasi — on the head; vibhavati — flourishes; adbhuta — wonderful; guṇā — qualities.
Translation
“ ‘The greatness of mother Ganges always brilliantly exists. She is the most fortunate because she emanated from the lotus feet of Śrī Viṣṇu, the Personality of Godhead. She is a second goddess of fortune, and therefore she is always worshiped both by demigods and by humanity. endowed with all wonderful qualities, she flourishes on the head of Lord Śiva.’ ”
Bengali
‘এই শ্লোকের অর্থ কর’—প্রভু যদি বৈল ।
বিস্মিত হএ দিগ্বিজয়ী প্রভুরে পুছিল ॥ ৪২ ॥
বিস্মিত হএ দিগ্বিজয়ী প্রভুরে পুছিল ॥ ৪২ ॥
Verse text
‘ei ślokera artha kara’ — prabhu yadi baila
vismita hañā digvijayī prabhure puchila
vismita hañā digvijayī prabhure puchila
Synonyms
Translation
When Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu asked him to explain the meaning of this verse, the champion, very much astonished, inquired from Him as follows.
Bengali
ঝঞ্ঝাবাত–প্রায় আমি শ্লোক পড়িল।
তার মধ্যে শ্লোক তুমি কৈছে কণ্ঠে কৈল ॥ ৪৩ ॥
তার মধ্যে শ্লোক তুমি কৈছে কণ্ঠে কৈল ॥ ৪৩ ॥
Verse text
jhañjhāvāta-prāya āmi śloka paḍila
tāra madhye śloka tumi kaiche kaṇṭhe kaila
tāra madhye śloka tumi kaiche kaṇṭhe kaila
Synonyms
Translation
“I recited all the verses like the blowing wind. How could You completely learn by heart even one among those verses?”
Bengali
প্রভু কহে, দেবের বরে তুমি—‘কবিবর’ ।
ঐছে দেবের বরে কেহো হয় ‘শ্ৰতিধর’ ॥ ৪৪ ৷৷
ঐছে দেবের বরে কেহো হয় ‘শ্ৰতিধর’ ॥ ৪৪ ৷৷
Verse text
prabhu kahe, devera vare tumi — ‘kavi-vara’
aiche devera vare keho haya ‘śrutidhara’
aiche devera vare keho haya ‘śrutidhara’
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord replied, “By the grace of the Lord someone may become a great poet, and similarly by His grace someone else may become a great śruti-dhara who can memorize anything immediately.”
Purport
In this connection, śruti-dhara is a very important word. Śruti means “hearing,” and dhara means “one who can capture.” Formerly, before the beginning of Kali-yuga, almost everyone, especially among the intelligent men, the brāhmaṇas, was a śruti-dhara. As soon as a student heard any of the Vedic wisdom from his master, he would remember it forever. There was no need to refer to books, and therefore there were no written books in those days. The spiritual master delivered the Vedic hymns and their explanations to the student, who would then remember them forever, without consulting books.
To become a śruti-dhara, one who can remember simply by hearing, is a great achievement for a student. In the Bhagavad-gītā (10.41) the Lord says:
yad yad vibhūtimat sattvaṁ śrīmad ūrjitam eva vā
tat tad evāvagaccha tvaṁ mama tejo-’ṁśa-sambhavam
tat tad evāvagaccha tvaṁ mama tejo-’ṁśa-sambhavam
“Know that all opulent, beautiful and glorious creations spring from but a spark of My splendor.”
As soon as we find anything extraordinary, we should understand that such an extraordinary manifestation is the special grace of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Therefore Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu replied to the champion, Keśava Kāśmīrī, that just as he was greatly proud of being a favorite devotee of mother Sarasvatī, so someone else, like Caitanya Mahāprabhu Himself, being favored by the Supreme Personality of Godhead, could become a śruti-dhara and thus memorize anything immediately simply by hearing it.
Bengali
শ্লোকের অর্থ কৈল বিপ্র পাইয়া সন্তোষ ।
প্রভু কহে—কহ শ্লোকের কিবা গুণ–দোষ ॥ ৪৫ ॥
প্রভু কহে—কহ শ্লোকের কিবা গুণ–দোষ ॥ ৪৫ ॥
Verse text
ślokera artha kaila vipra pāiyā santoṣa
prabhu kahe — kaha ślokera kibā guṇa-doṣa
prabhu kahe — kaha ślokera kibā guṇa-doṣa
Synonyms
Translation
Satisfied by the statement of Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu, the brāhmaṇa [Keśava Kāśmīrī] explained the quoted verse. Then the Lord said, “Now kindly explain the special qualities and faults in the verse.”
Purport
Not only did Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu pick out this one among the one hundred verses and remember it although the brāhmaṇa had recited them like the blowing wind, but He also analyzed its qualities and faults. Not only did He hear the verse, but He immediately made a critical study of it.
Bengali
বিপ্র কহে, শ্লোকে নাহি দোষের আভাস ।
উপমালঙ্কার গুণ, কিছু অনুপ্রাস ॥ ৪৬ ॥
উপমালঙ্কার গুণ, কিছু অনুপ্রাস ॥ ৪৬ ॥
Verse text
vipra kahe śloke nāhi doṣera ābhāsa
upamālaṅkāra guṇa, kichu anuprāsa
upamālaṅkāra guṇa, kichu anuprāsa
Synonyms
Translation
The brāhmaṇa replied, “There is not a tinge of fault in that verse. Rather, it has the good qualities of similes and alliteration.”
Purport
In the last line of the verse quoted by Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu, the letter bha is repeated many times, as in the words bhavānī, bhartur, vibhavati and adbhuta. Such repetition is called anuprāsa, or alliteration. The words lakṣmīr iva and viṣṇoś caraṇa-kamalotpatti are instances of upamā-alaṅkāra, for they exhibit metaphorical beauty. The Ganges is water, and Lakṣmī is the goddess of fortune. Since water and a person are not actually similar, the comparison is metaphorical.
Bengali
প্রভু কহেন,—কহি, যদি না করহ রোষ ।
কহ তোমার এই শ্লোকে কিবা আছে দোষ ॥ ৪৭ ॥
কহ তোমার এই শ্লোকে কিবা আছে দোষ ॥ ৪৭ ॥
Verse text
prabhu kahena, — kahi, yadi na karaha roṣa
kaha tomāra ei śloke kibā āche doṣa
kaha tomāra ei śloke kibā āche doṣa
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord said, “My dear sir, I may say something to you if you will not become angry. Can you explain the faults in this verse?
Bengali
প্রতিভার কাব্য তোমার দেবতা সন্তোষে ।
ভালমতে বিচারিলে জানি গুণদোষে ॥ ৪৮ ॥
ভালমতে বিচারিলে জানি গুণদোষে ॥ ৪৮ ॥
Verse text
pratibhāra kāvya tomāra devatā santoṣe
bhāla-mate vicārile jāni guṇa-doṣe
bhāla-mate vicārile jāni guṇa-doṣe
Synonyms
Translation
“There is no doubt that your poetry is full of ingenuity, and certainly it has satisfied the Supreme Lord. Yet if we scrutinizingly consider it we can find both good qualities and faults.”
Bengali
তাতে ভাল করি’ শ্লোক করহ বিচার ।
কবি কহে,—যে কহিলে সেই বেদসার ॥ ৪৯ ॥
কবি কহে,—যে কহিলে সেই বেদসার ॥ ৪৯ ॥
Verse text
tāte bhāla kari’ śloka karaha vicāra
kavi kahe, — ye kahile sei veda-sāra
kavi kahe, — ye kahile sei veda-sāra
Synonyms
Translation
The Lord concluded, “Now, therefore, let us carefully scrutinize this verse.”
Purport
The poet replied, “Yes, the verse You have recited is perfectly correct.
Bengali
ব্যাকরণিয়া তুমি নাহি পড় অলঙ্কার ।
তুমি কি জানিবে এই কবিত্বের সার ॥ ৫০ ॥
তুমি কি জানিবে এই কবিত্বের সার ॥ ৫০ ॥
Verse text
vyākaraṇiyā tumi nāhi paḍa alaṅkāra
tumi ki jānibe ei kavitvera sāra
tumi ki jānibe ei kavitvera sāra
Synonyms
Translation
“You are an ordinary student of grammar. What do You know about literary embellishments? You cannot review this poetry because You do not know anything about it.”
Purport
Keśava Kāśmīrī first wanted to bluff Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu by saying that since He was not an advanced student in literary style, He could not review a verse full of metaphors and literary ornaments. This argument has some basis in fact. Unless one is a medical man he cannot criticize a medical man, and unless one is a lawyer he cannot criticize a lawyer. Therefore Keśava Kāśmīrī first depreciated the Lord’s position. Because Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu was to the champion a student of grammar, how could He dare criticize a great poet like him? Lord Caitanya, therefore, criticized the poet in a different way. He said that although He was certainly not advanced in a literary career, He had heard from others how to criticize such poetry, and as a śruti-dhara, possessing a complete memory, He could understand the process for such a review.
Bengali
প্রভু কহেন,—অতএব পুছিয়ে তোমারে ।
বিচারিয়া গুণ–দোষ বুঝাহ আমারে ॥ ৫১ ॥
বিচারিয়া গুণ–দোষ বুঝাহ আমারে ॥ ৫১ ॥
Verse text
prabhu kahena — ataeva puchiye tomāre
vicāriyā guṇa-doṣa bujhāha āmāre
vicāriyā guṇa-doṣa bujhāha āmāre
Synonyms
Translation
Taking a humble position, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu said, “Because I am not on your level, I have asked you to teach Me by explaining the faults and good qualities in your poetry.
Bengali
নাহি পড়ি অলঙ্কার, করিয়াছি শ্রবণ ।
তাতে এই শ্লোকে দেখি বহু দোষ–গুণ ॥ ৫২ ॥
তাতে এই শ্লোকে দেখি বহু দোষ–গুণ ॥ ৫২ ॥
Verse text
nāhi paḍi alaṅkāra, kariyāchi śravaṇa
tāte ei śloke dekhi bahu doṣa-guṇa
tāte ei śloke dekhi bahu doṣa-guṇa
Synonyms
Translation
“Certainly I have not studied the art of literary embellishments. But I have heard about it from higher circles, and thus I can review this verse and find in it many faults and many good qualities.”
Purport
The statement kariyāchi śravaṇa (“I have heard it”) is very important in the sense that hearing is more important than directly studying or perceiving. If one is expert in hearing and hears from the right source, his knowledge is immediately perfect. This process is called śrauta-panthā, or the acquisition of knowledge by hearing from authorities. All Vedic knowledge is based on the principle that one must approach a bona fide spiritual master and hear from him the authoritative statements of the Vedas. It is not necessary for one to be a highly polished literary man to receive knowledge; to receive perfect knowledge from a perfect person, one must be expert in hearing. This is called the descending process of deductive knowledge, or avaroha-panthā.
Bengali
কবি কহে,—কহ দেখি, কোন্ গুণ–দোষ ।
প্রভু কহেন,—কহি, শুন, না করিহ রোষ ॥ ৫৩ ॥
প্রভু কহেন,—কহি, শুন, না করিহ রোষ ॥ ৫৩ ॥
Verse text
kavi kahe, — kaha dekhi, kon guṇa-doṣa
prabhu kahena, — kahi, śuna, nā kariha roṣa
prabhu kahena, — kahi, śuna, nā kariha roṣa
Synonyms
Translation
The poet said, “All right, let me see what good qualities and faults You have found.”
Purport
The Lord replied, “Let Me speak, and please hear Me without becoming angry.
Bengali
পঞ্চ দোষ এই শ্লোকে পঞ্চ অলঙ্কার ।
ক্রমে আমি কহি, শুন, করহ বিচার ॥ ৫৪ ॥
ক্রমে আমি কহি, শুন, করহ বিচার ॥ ৫৪ ॥
Verse text
pañca doṣa ei śloke pañca alaṅkāra
krame āmi kahi, śuna, karaha vicāra
krame āmi kahi, śuna, karaha vicāra
Synonyms
Translation
“My dear sir, in this verse there are five faults and five literary ornaments. I shall state them one after another. Kindly hear Me and then give your judgment.
Purport
In the verse beginning with mahattvaṁ gaṅgāyāḥ there are five literary ornaments and five examples of faulty composition. There are two examples of the fault called avimṛṣṭa-vidheyāṁśa and one example each of the faults viruddha-mati, punar-ukti and bhagna-krama.
Vimṛṣṭa means “clean,” and vidheyāṁśa means “predicate.” It is a general rule of composition to establish a subject first and then give its predicate. For example, according to Sanskrit grammar if one says, “This man is learned,” his composition is in order. But if one says, “Learned is this man,” the composition is not in order. Such a flaw is called avimṛṣṭa-vidheyāṁśa-doṣa, or the fault of unclean composition. The subject matter to be known of the verse is the glorification of the Ganges, and therefore the word idam (“this”), or what is known, should have been placed before instead of after the glorification. The subject matter already known should be placed before the unknown so that its meaning will not be misconstrued.
The second instance of avimṛṣṭa-vidheyāṁśa-doṣa occurs in the words dvitīya-śrī-lakṣmīr iva. In this composition the word dvitīya (“second”) is vidheya, or unknown. Placing the unknown first to make the compound word dvitīya-śrī-lakṣmīr is another fault. The words dvitīya-śrī-lakṣmīr iva were intended to compare the Ganges to the goddess of fortune, but because of this fault the meaning of the compound word was bewildering.
The third fault is that of viruddha-mati, or contradictory conception, in the words bhavānī-bhartuḥ. The word bhavānī refers to the wife of Bhava, Lord Śiva. But since Bhavānī is already known as the wife of Lord Śiva, to add the word bhartā, “husband,” thus forming a compound meaning “the husband of the wife of Lord Śiva,” is contradictory, for thus it appears as if the wife of Lord Śiva had another husband.
The fourth fault is punar-ukti, or redundancy, which occurs when the verb vibhavati (“flourishes”), which should have ended the composition, is further qualified by the unnecessary adjective adbhuta-guṇā (“endowed with wonderful qualities”). The fifth fault is bhagna-krama, which means “broken order.” In the first, third and fourth lines there is anuprāsa, or alliteration, created by the sounds ta, ra and bha, but in the second line there is no such anuprāsa, and therefore the order is broken.
Bengali
‘অবিমৃষ্ট–বিধেয়াংশ’—দুই ঠাঞি চিহ্ন ।
‘বিরুদ্ধমতি’, ‘ভগ্নক্রম’, ‘পুনরাত্ত',—দোষ তিন ॥ ৫৫ ॥
‘বিরুদ্ধমতি’, ‘ভগ্নক্রম’, ‘পুনরাত্ত',—দোষ তিন ॥ ৫৫ ॥
Verse text
‘avimṛṣṭa-vidheyāṁśa’ — dui ṭhāñi cihna
‘viruddha-mati’, ‘bhagna-krama’, ‘punar-ātta’, — doṣa tina
‘viruddha-mati’, ‘bhagna-krama’, ‘punar-ātta’, — doṣa tina
Synonyms
Translation
“In this verse the fault of avimṛṣṭa-vidheyāṁśa occurs twice, and the faults of viruddha-mati, bhagna-krama and punar-ātta occur once each.
Bengali
‘গঙ্গার মহত্ত্ব’—শ্লোকে মূল ‘বিধেয়’ ।
ইদং শব্দে ‘অনুবাদ’—পাছে অবিধেয় ॥ ৫৬ ॥
ইদং শব্দে ‘অনুবাদ’—পাছে অবিধেয় ॥ ৫৬ ॥
Verse text
‘gaṅgāra mahattva’ — śloke mūla ‘vidheya’
idaṁ śabde ‘anuvāda’ — pāche avidheya
idaṁ śabde ‘anuvāda’ — pāche avidheya
Synonyms
Translation
“The glorification of the Ganges [mahattvaṁ gaṅgāyāḥ] is the principal unknown subject matter in this verse, and the known subject matter is indicated by the word ‘idam,’ which has been placed after the unknown.
Bengali
‘বিধেয়’ আগে কহি’ পাছে কহিলে ‘অনুবাদ’ ।
এই লাগি’ শ্লোকের অর্থ করিয়াছে বাধ ॥ ৫৭ ॥
এই লাগি’ শ্লোকের অর্থ করিয়াছে বাধ ॥ ৫৭ ॥
Verse text
‘vidheya’ āge kahi’ pāche kahile ‘anuvāda’
ei lāgi’ ślokera artha kariyāche bādha
ei lāgi’ ślokera artha kariyāche bādha
Synonyms
Translation
“Because you have placed the known subject at the end and that which is unknown at the beginning, the composition is faulty, and the meaning of the words has become doubtful.
Bengali
অনুবাদমনুক্ত্বৈব ন বিধেয়মুদীরয়েৎ ।
ন হ্যলব্ধাস্পদং কিঞ্চিৎ কুত্রচিৎ প্রতিতিষ্ঠতি ॥ ৫৮ ॥
ন হ্যলব্ধাস্পদং কিঞ্চিৎ কুত্রচিৎ প্রতিতিষ্ঠতি ॥ ৫৮ ॥
Verse text
anuvādam anuktvaiva
na vidheyam udīrayet
na hy alabdhāspadaṁ kiñcit
kutracit pratitiṣṭhati
na vidheyam udīrayet
na hy alabdhāspadaṁ kiñcit
kutracit pratitiṣṭhati
Synonyms
anuvādam — things already known; anuktvā — without mentioning; eva — certainly; na — not; vidheyam — unknown subject matters; udīrayet — one should mention; na — not; hi — certainly; alabdha-āspadam — without having achieved a proper place; kiñcit — something; kutracit — anywhere; pratitiṣṭhati — has a position.
Translation
“ ‘Without first mentioning what is known, one should not introduce the unknown, for that which has no solid basis can never be established anywhere.’
Purport
This is a verse from the Ekādaśī-tattva.
Bengali
‘দ্বিতীয় শ্রীলক্ষ্মী’—ইঁহা ‘দ্বিতীয়ত্ব’ বিধেয় ।
সমাসে গৌণ হৈল, শব্দার্থ গেল ক্ষয় ॥ ৫৯ ॥
সমাসে গৌণ হৈল, শব্দার্থ গেল ক্ষয় ॥ ৫৯ ॥
Verse text
‘dvitīya śrī-lakṣmī’ — ihāṅ ‘dvitīyatva’ vidheya
samāse gauṇa haila, śabdārtha gela kṣaya
samāse gauṇa haila, śabdārtha gela kṣaya
Synonyms
dvitīya śrī-lakṣmī — the word dvitīya-śrī-lakṣmī (“a second all-opulent goddess of fortune”); ihāṅ — this; dvitīyatva — the quality of being a second; vidheya — the unknown, which is to be explained; samāse — in the compound word; gauṇa — secondary; haila — became; śabda-artha — the word’s intended meaning; gela — became; kṣaya — lost.
Translation
“In the word ‘dvitīya-śrī-lakṣmī’ [‘a second all-opulent goddess of fortune’], the quality of being a second Lakṣmī is the unknown. In making this compound word, the meaning became secondary and the originally intended meaning was lost.
Bengali
‘দ্বিতীয়’ শব্দ—বিধেয়, তাহা পড়িল সমাসে ।
‘লক্ষ্মীর সমতা’ অর্থ করিল বিনাশে ॥ ৬০ ॥
‘লক্ষ্মীর সমতা’ অর্থ করিল বিনাশে ॥ ৬০ ॥
Verse text
‘dvitīya’ śabda — vidheya tāhā paḍila samāse
‘lakṣmīra samatā’ artha karila vināśe
‘lakṣmīra samatā’ artha karila vināśe
Synonyms
Translation
“Because the word ‘dvitīya’ [‘second’] is the unknown, in its combination in this compound word the intended meaning of equality with Lakṣmī is lost.
Bengali
‘অবিমৃষ্ট–বিধেয়াংশ’—এই দোষের নাম ।
আর এক দোষ আছে, শুন সাবধান ॥ ৬১ ॥
আর এক দোষ আছে, শুন সাবধান ॥ ৬১ ॥
Verse text
‘avimṛṣṭa-vidheyāṁśa’ — ei doṣera nāma
āra eka doṣa āche, śuna sāvadhāna
āra eka doṣa āche, śuna sāvadhāna
Synonyms
Translation
“Not only is there the fault avimṛṣṭa-vidheyāṁśa, but there is also another fault, which I shall point out to you. Kindly hear Me with great attention.
Bengali
‘ভবানীভর্তুঃ’–শব্দ দিলে পাইয়া সন্তোষ ।
‘বিরুদ্ধমতিকৃৎ’ নাম এই মহা দোষ ॥ ৬২ ॥
‘বিরুদ্ধমতিকৃৎ’ নাম এই মহা দোষ ॥ ৬২ ॥
Verse text
‘bhavānī-bhartṛ’-śabda dile pāiyā santoṣa
‘viruddha-mati-kṛt’ nāma ei mahā doṣa
‘viruddha-mati-kṛt’ nāma ei mahā doṣa
Synonyms
Translation
“Here is another great fault. You have arranged the word ‘bhavānī-bhartṛ’ to your great satisfaction, but this betrays the fault of contradiction.
Bengali
ভবানী–শব্দে কহে মহাদেবের গৃহিণী ।
তার ভর্তা কহিলে দ্বিতীয় ভর্তা জানি ॥ ৬৩ ॥
তার ভর্তা কহিলে দ্বিতীয় ভর্তা জানি ॥ ৬৩ ॥
Verse text
bhavānī-śabde kahe mahādevera gṛhiṇī
tāṅra bhartā kahile dvitīya bhartā jāni
tāṅra bhartā kahile dvitīya bhartā jāni
Synonyms
Translation
“The word ‘bhavānī’ means ‘the wife of Lord Śiva.’ But when we mention her husband, one might conclude that she has another husband.
Bengali
‘শিবপত্নীর ভর্তা’ ইহা শুনিতে বিরুদ্ধ ।
‘বিরুদ্ধমতিকৃৎ’ শব্দ শাস্ত্রে নহে শুদ্ধ ॥ ৬৪ ॥
‘বিরুদ্ধমতিকৃৎ’ শব্দ শাস্ত্রে নহে শুদ্ধ ॥ ৬৪ ॥
Verse text
‘śiva-patnīra bhartā’ ihā śunite viruddha
‘viruddha-mati-kṛt’ śabda śāstre nahe śuddha
‘viruddha-mati-kṛt’ śabda śāstre nahe śuddha
Synonyms
Translation
“It is contradictory to hear that Lord Śiva’s wife has another husband. The use of such words in literature creates the fault called viruddha-mati-kṛt.
Bengali
‘ব্রাহ্মণ–পত্নীর ভর্তার হস্তে দেহ দান’ ।
শব্দ শুনিতেই হয় দ্বিতীয়ভর্তা জ্ঞান ॥ ৬৫ ॥
শব্দ শুনিতেই হয় দ্বিতীয়ভর্তা জ্ঞান ॥ ৬৫ ॥
Verse text
‘brāhmaṇa-patnīra bhartāra haste deha dāna’
śabda śunitei haya dvitīya-bhartā jñāna
śabda śunitei haya dvitīya-bhartā jñāna
Synonyms
Translation
“If someone says, ‘Place this charity in the hand of the husband of the wife of the brāhmaṇa,’ when we hear these contradictory words we immediately understand that the brāhmaṇa’s wife has another husband.
Bengali
‘বিভবতি’ ক্রিয়ার বাক্য—সাঙ্গ, পুনঃ বিশেষণ ।
‘অদ্ভূতগুণা’—এই পুনরাত্ত দূষণ ॥ ৬৬ ॥
‘অদ্ভূতগুণা’—এই পুনরাত্ত দূষণ ॥ ৬৬ ॥
Verse text
‘vibhavati’ kriyāya vākya — sāṅga, punaḥ viśeṣaṇa
‘adbhuta-guṇā’ — ei punar-ātta dūṣaṇa
‘adbhuta-guṇā’ — ei punar-ātta dūṣaṇa
Synonyms
Translation
“The statement by the word ‘vibhavati’ [‘flourishes’] is complete. Qualifying it with the adjective ‘adbhuta-guṇā’ [‘wonderful qualities’] creates the fault of redundancy.
Bengali
তিন পাদে অনুপ্রাস দেখি অনুপম ।
এক পাদে নাহি, এই দোষ ‘ভগ্নক্রম’ ॥ ৬৭ ॥
এক পাদে নাহি, এই দোষ ‘ভগ্নক্রম’ ॥ ৬৭ ॥
Verse text
tina pāde anuprāsa dekhi anupama
eka pāde nāhi, ei doṣa ‘bhagna-krama’
eka pāde nāhi, ei doṣa ‘bhagna-krama’
Synonyms
Translation
“There is extraordinary alliteration in three lines of the verse, but in one line there is no such alliteration. This is the fault of deviation.
Bengali
যদ্যপি এই শ্লোকে আছে পঞ্চ অলঙ্কার ।
এই পঞ্চদোষে শ্লোক কৈল ছারখার ॥ ৬৮ ॥
এই পঞ্চদোষে শ্লোক কৈল ছারখার ॥ ৬৮ ॥
Verse text
yadyapi ei śloke āche pañca alaṅkāra
ei pañca-doṣe śloka kaila chārakhāra
ei pañca-doṣe śloka kaila chārakhāra
Synonyms
Translation
“Although there are five literary ornaments decorating this verse, the entire verse has been spoiled by these five most faulty presentations.
Bengali
দশ অলঙ্কারে যদি এক শ্লোক হয় ।
এক দোষে সব অলঙ্কার হয় ক্ষয় ॥ ৬৯ ॥
এক দোষে সব অলঙ্কার হয় ক্ষয় ॥ ৬৯ ॥
Verse text
daśa alaṅkāre yadi eka śloka haya
eka doṣe saba alaṅkāra haya kṣaya
eka doṣe saba alaṅkāra haya kṣaya
Synonyms
Translation
“If there are ten literary ornaments in a verse but even one faulty expression, the entire verse is nullified.
Bengali
সুন্দর শরীর যৈছে ভূষণে ভূষিত ।
এক শ্বেতকুষ্ঠে যৈছে করয়ে বিগীত ॥৭০ ॥
এক শ্বেতকুষ্ঠে যৈছে করয়ে বিগীত ॥৭০ ॥
Verse text
sundara śarīra yaiche bhūṣaṇe bhūṣita
eka śveta-kuṣṭhe yaiche karaye vigīta
eka śveta-kuṣṭhe yaiche karaye vigīta
Synonyms
Translation
“One’s beautiful body may be decorated with jewels, but one spot of white leprosy makes the entire body abominable.
Purport
The great sage Bharata Muni, an authority on poetic metaphor, has given his opinion in this connection as follows.
Bengali
রসালঙ্কারবৎ কাব্যং দোষযুক্ চেদ্বিভূষিতম্ ।
স্যাদ্বপুঃ সুন্দরমপি শ্বিত্রেণৈকেন দুর্ভগম্ ॥ ৭১ ॥
স্যাদ্বপুঃ সুন্দরমপি শ্বিত্রেণৈকেন দুর্ভগম্ ॥ ৭১ ॥
Verse text
rasālaṅkāra-vat kāvyaṁ
doṣa-yuk ced vibhūṣitam
syād vapuḥ sundaram api
śvitreṇaikena durbhagam
doṣa-yuk ced vibhūṣitam
syād vapuḥ sundaram api
śvitreṇaikena durbhagam
Synonyms
rasa — with humors; alaṅkāra-vat — with ornaments (metaphors, similes, etc.); kāvyam — poetry; doṣa-yuk — faulty; cet — if; vibhūṣitam — very nicely decorated; syāt — it becomes so; vapuḥ — the body; sundaram — beautiful; api — even though; śvitreṇa — by a white spot of leprosy; ekena — one; durbhagam — unfortunate.
Translation
“ ‘As one’s body, although well-decorated with ornaments, is made unfortunate by even one spot of white leprosy, so an entire poem is made useless by a fault, despite alliteration, similes and metaphors.’
Bengali
পঞ্চ অলঙ্কারের এবে শুনহ বিচার ।
দুই শব্দালঙ্কার, তিন অর্থ–অলঙ্কার ॥৭২ ॥
দুই শব্দালঙ্কার, তিন অর্থ–অলঙ্কার ॥৭২ ॥
Verse text
pañca alaṅkārera ebe śunaha vicāra
dui śabdālaṅkāra, tina artha-alaṅkāra
dui śabdālaṅkāra, tina artha-alaṅkāra
Synonyms
Translation
“Now hear the description of the five literary embellishments. There are two ornaments of sound and three ornaments of meaning.
Bengali
শব্দালঙ্কার—তিনপাদে আছে অনুপ্রাস ।
‘শ্রীলক্ষ্মী’ শব্দে ‘পুনরুক্তবদাভাস’ ॥ ৭৩ ॥
‘শ্রীলক্ষ্মী’ শব্দে ‘পুনরুক্তবদাভাস’ ॥ ৭৩ ॥
Verse text
śabdālaṅkāra — tina-pāde āche anuprāsa
‘śrī-lakṣmī’ śabde ‘punar-uktavad-ābhāsa’
‘śrī-lakṣmī’ śabde ‘punar-uktavad-ābhāsa’
Synonyms
Translation
“There is a sound ornament of alliteration in three lines. And in the combination of the words ‘śrī’ and ‘lakṣmī’ there is the ornament of a tinge of redundancy.
Bengali
প্রথম–চরণে পঞ্চ ‘ত’–কারের পাঁতি ।
তৃতীয়া–চরণে হয় পঞ্চ ‘রেফ’–স্থিতি ॥৭৪ ॥
তৃতীয়া–চরণে হয় পঞ্চ ‘রেফ’–স্থিতি ॥৭৪ ॥
Verse text
prathama-caraṇe pañca ‘ta’-kārera pāṅti
tṛtīya-caraṇe haya pañca ‘repha’-sthiti
tṛtīya-caraṇe haya pañca ‘repha’-sthiti
Synonyms
Translation
“In the arrangement of the first line the letter ‘ta’ occurs five times, and the arrangement of the third line repeats the letter ‘ra’ five times.
Bengali
চতুর্থ–চরণে চারি ‘ভ’–কার–প্রকাশ ।
অতএব শব্দালঙ্কার অনুপ্রাস ॥ ৭৫ ॥
অতএব শব্দালঙ্কার অনুপ্রাস ॥ ৭৫ ॥
Verse text
caturtha-caraṇe cāri ‘bha’-kāra-prakāśa
ataeva śabdālaṅkāra anuprāsa
ataeva śabdālaṅkāra anuprāsa
Synonyms
Translation
“In the fourth line the letter ‘bha’ occurs four times. This arrangement of alliteration is a pleasing ornamental use of sounds.
Bengali
‘শ্রী’–শব্দে, ‘লক্ষ্মী’–শব্দে—এক বস্তু উক্ত ।
পুনরুক্তপ্রায় ভাসে, নহে পুনরুক্ত ॥ ৭৬ ॥
পুনরুক্তপ্রায় ভাসে, নহে পুনরুক্ত ॥ ৭৬ ॥
Verse text
‘śrī’-śabde, ‘lakṣmī’-śabde — eka vastu ukta
punar-ukta-prāya bhāse, nahe punar-ukta
punar-ukta-prāya bhāse, nahe punar-ukta
Synonyms
Translation
“Although the words ‘śrī’ and ‘lakṣmī’ convey the same meaning and are therefore almost redundant, they are nevertheless not redundant.
Bengali
‘শ্রীযুক্ত লক্ষ্মী’ অর্থে অর্থের বিভেদ ।
পুনরুক্তবদাভাস, শব্দালঙ্কার ভেদ ॥ ৭৭ ॥
পুনরুক্তবদাভাস, শব্দালঙ্কার ভেদ ॥ ৭৭ ॥
Verse text
‘śrī-yukta lakṣmī’ arthe arthera vibheda
punar-uktavad-ābhāsa, śabdālaṅkāra-bheda
punar-uktavad-ābhāsa, śabdālaṅkāra-bheda
Synonyms
Translation
“Describing Lakṣmī as possessed of śrī [opulence] offers a difference in meaning with a tinge of repetition. This is the second ornamental use of words.
Bengali
‘লক্ষ্মীরিব’ অর্থালঙ্কার—উপমা–প্রকাশ ।
আর অর্থালঙ্কার আছে, নাম—‘বিরোধাভাস’ ॥ ৭৮ ॥
আর অর্থালঙ্কার আছে, নাম—‘বিরোধাভাস’ ॥ ৭৮ ॥
Verse text
‘lakṣmīr iva’ arthālaṅkāra — upamā-prakāśa
āra arthālaṅkāra āche, nāma — ‘virodhābhāsa’
āra arthālaṅkāra āche, nāma — ‘virodhābhāsa’
Synonyms
Translation
“The use of the words ‘lakṣmīr iva’ [‘like Lakṣmī’] manifests the ornament of meaning called upamā [analogy]. There is also the further ornament of meaning called virodhābhāsa, or a contradictory indication.
Bengali
‘গঙ্গাতে কমল জন্মে’—সবার সুবোধ ।
‘কমলে গঙ্গার জন্ম’—অত্যন্ত বিরোধ ॥ ৭৯ ॥
‘কমলে গঙ্গার জন্ম’—অত্যন্ত বিরোধ ॥ ৭৯ ॥
Verse text
‘gaṅgāte kamala janme’ — sabāra subodha
‘kamale gaṅgāra janma’ — atyanta virodha
‘kamale gaṅgāra janma’ — atyanta virodha
Synonyms
Translation
“Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water of the Ganges. But to say that the Ganges takes birth from a lotus flower seems extremely contradictory.
Bengali
‘ইঁহা বিষ্ণুপাদপদ্মে গঙ্গার উৎপত্তি’ ।
বিরোধালঙ্কার ইহা মহা–চমৎকৃতি ॥ ৮০ ॥
বিরোধালঙ্কার ইহা মহা–চমৎকৃতি ॥ ৮০ ॥
Verse text
‘ihāṅ viṣṇu-pāda-padme gaṅgāra utpatti’
virodhālaṅkāra ihā mahā-camatkṛti
virodhālaṅkāra ihā mahā-camatkṛti
Synonyms
Translation
“The existence of mother Ganges begins from the lotus feet of the Lord. Although this statement that water comes from a lotus flower is a contradiction, in connection with Lord Viṣṇu it is a great wonder.
Bengali
ঈশ্বর–অচিন্ত্যশক্ত্যে গঙ্গার প্রকাশ ।
ইহাতে বিরোধ নাহি, বিরোধ–আভাস ॥ ৮১ ॥
ইহাতে বিরোধ নাহি, বিরোধ–আভাস ॥ ৮১ ॥
Verse text
īśvara-acintya-śaktye gaṅgāra prakāśa
ihāte virodha nāhi, virodha-ābhāsa
ihāte virodha nāhi, virodha-ābhāsa
Synonyms
Translation
“In this birth of the Ganges by the inconceivable potency of the Lord, there is no contradiction although it appears contradictory.
Purport
The central point of all Vaiṣṇava philosophy is to accept the inconceivable potency of Lord Viṣṇu. What sometimes appears contradictory from a material viewpoint is understandable in connection with the Supreme Personality of Godhead because He can perform contradictory activities by dint of His inconceivable potencies. Modern scientists are puzzled. They cannot even explain how such a large quantity of chemicals has formed the atmosphere. Scientists explain that water is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen, but when asked where such a large quantity of hydrogen and oxygen came from and how they combined to manufacture the great oceans and seas, they cannot answer because they are atheists who will not accept that everything comes from life. Their thesis is that life comes from matter.
Where do all these chemicals come from? The answer is that they are produced by the inconceivable energy of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Living entities are part of the Supreme Godhead, and from their bodies come many chemicals. For example, the lemon tree is a living entity that produces many lemons, and within each lemon is a great deal of citric acid. Therefore, if even an insignificant living entity who is but a part of the Supreme Lord can produce so much of a chemical, how much potency there must be in the body of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
Scientists cannot perfectly explain where the chemicals of the world are manufactured, but one can explain this perfectly by accepting the inconceivable energy of the Supreme Lord. There is no reason for denying this argument. Since there are potencies in the living entities who are samples of the Personality of Godhead, how much potency there must be in the Supreme Godhead Himself. As described in the Vedas, nityo nityānāṁ cetanaś cetanānām: “He is the chief eternal of all eternals and the chief living entity among all living entities.” (Kaṭha Upaniṣad, 2.2.13)
Unfortunately, atheistic science will not accept that matter comes from life. Scientists insist upon their most illogical and foolish theory that life comes from matter, although this is quite impossible. They cannot prove in their laboratories that matter can produce life, yet there are thousands and thousands of examples illustrating that matter comes from life. Therefore in Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta Kṛṣṇadāsa Kavirāja Gosvāmī says that as soon as one accepts the inconceivable potency of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, no great philosopher or scientist can put forward any thesis to contradict the Lord’s power. This is expressed in the following Sanskrit verse.
Bengali
অম্বুজমম্বুনি জাতং ক্বচিদপি ন জাতমম্বুজাদম্বু ।
মুরভিদি তদ্বিপরীতং পাদম্ভোজান্মহানদী জাতা ॥ ৮২ ॥
মুরভিদি তদ্বিপরীতং পাদম্ভোজান্মহানদী জাতা ॥ ৮২ ॥
Verse text
ambujam ambuni jātaṁ kvacid api na jātam ambujād ambu
mura-bhidi tad-viparītaṁ pādāmbhojān mahā-nadī jātā
mura-bhidi tad-viparītaṁ pādāmbhojān mahā-nadī jātā
Synonyms
ambujam — lotus flower; ambuni — in the water; jātam — is grown; kvacit — at any time; api — certainly; na — not; jātam — grown; ambujāt — from a lotus flower; ambu — water; mura-bhidi — in Kṛṣṇa, the killer of Murāsura; tat-viparītam — just the opposite of that; pāda-ambhojāt — from the lotus flower of His feet; mahā-nadī — the great river; jātā — has grown.
Translation
“ ‘Everyone knows that lotus flowers grow in the water but water never grows from a lotus. All such contradictions, however, are wonderfully possible in Kṛṣṇa: the great river Ganges has grown from His lotus feet.’
Bengali
গঙ্গার মহত্ত্ব—সাধ্য, সাধন তাহার ।
বিষ্ণুপাদোৎপত্তি—‘অনুমান’ অলঙ্কার ॥ ৮৩ ॥
বিষ্ণুপাদোৎপত্তি—‘অনুমান’ অলঙ্কার ॥ ৮৩ ॥
Verse text
gaṅgāra mahattva — sādhya, sādhana tāhāra
viṣṇu-pādotpatti — ‘anumāna’ alaṅkāra
viṣṇu-pādotpatti — ‘anumāna’ alaṅkāra
Synonyms
Translation
“The real glory of mother Ganges is that she has grown from the lotus feet of Lord Viṣṇu. Such a hypothesis is another ornament, called anumāna.
Bengali
স্থূল এই পঞ্চ দোষ, পঞ্চ অলঙ্কার ।
সূক্ষ্ম বিচারিয়ে যদি আছয়ে অপার ॥ ৮৪ ॥
সূক্ষ্ম বিচারিয়ে যদি আছয়ে অপার ॥ ৮৪ ॥
Verse text
sthūla ei pañca doṣa, pañca alaṅkāra
sūkṣma vicāriye yadi āchaye apāra
sūkṣma vicāriye yadi āchaye apāra
Synonyms
Translation
“I have simply discussed the five gross faults and five literary embellishments of this verse, but if we consider it in fine detail we will find unlimited faults.
Bengali
প্রতিভা, কবিত্ব তোমার দেবতা–প্রসাদে ।
অবিচার কাব্যে অবশ্য পড়ে দোষ–বাধে ॥ ৮৫ ॥
অবিচার কাব্যে অবশ্য পড়ে দোষ–বাধে ॥ ৮৫ ॥
Verse text
pratibhā, kavitva tomāra devatā-prasāde
avicāra kāvye avaśya paḍe doṣa-bādhe
avicāra kāvye avaśya paḍe doṣa-bādhe
Synonyms
Translation
“You have achieved poetic imagination and ingenuity by the grace of your worshipable demigod. But poetry not well reviewed is certainly subject to criticism.
Bengali
বিচারি’ কবিত্ব কৈলে হয় সুনির্মল ।
সালঙ্কার হৈলে অর্থ করে ঝলমল ॥ ৮৬ ॥
সালঙ্কার হৈলে অর্থ করে ঝলমল ॥ ৮৬ ॥
Verse text
vicāri’ kavitva kaile haya sunirmala
sālaṅkāra haile artha kare jhalamala
sālaṅkāra haile artha kare jhalamala
Synonyms
Translation
“Poetic skill used with due consideration is very pure, and with metaphors and analogies it is dazzling.”
Bengali
শুনিয়া প্রভুর ব্যাখ্যা দিগ্বিজয়ী বিস্মিত ।
মুখে না নিঃসরে বাক্য, প্রতিভা স্তম্ভিত ॥ ৮৭ ॥
মুখে না নিঃসরে বাক্য, প্রতিভা স্তম্ভিত ॥ ৮৭ ॥
Verse text
śuniyā prabhura vyākhyā digvijayī vismita
mukhe nā niḥsare vākya, pratibhā stambhita
mukhe nā niḥsare vākya, pratibhā stambhita
Synonyms
Translation
After hearing the explanation of Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu, the champion poet was struck with wonder. His cleverness stunned, he could not say anything.
Bengali
কহিতে চাহয়ে কিছু, না আইসে উত্তর ।
তবে বিচারয়ে মনে হইয়া ফাঁফর ॥ ৮৮ ॥
তবে বিচারয়ে মনে হইয়া ফাঁফর ॥ ৮৮ ॥
Verse text
kahite cāhaye kichu, nā āise uttara
tabe vicāraye mane ha-iyā phāṅphara
tabe vicāraye mane ha-iyā phāṅphara
Synonyms
Translation
He wanted to say something, but no reply would come from his mouth. He then began to consider this puzzle within his mind.
Bengali
পড়ুয়া বালক কৈল মোর বুদ্ধি লোপ ।
জানি—সরস্বতী মোরে করিয়াছেন কোপ ॥ ৮৯ ॥
জানি—সরস্বতী মোরে করিয়াছেন কোপ ॥ ৮৯ ॥
Verse text
paḍuyā bālaka kaila mora buddhi lopa
jāni — sarasvatī more kariyāchena kopa
jāni — sarasvatī more kariyāchena kopa
Synonyms
Translation
“This mere boy has blocked my intelligence. I can therefore understand that mother Sarasvatī has become angry with me.
Purport
In the Bhagavad-gītā it is clearly said that all intelligence comes from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is situated in everyone’s heart as the Paramātmā. The Paramātmā gave the paṇḍita the intelligence to understand that because he was proud of his learning and wanted to defeat even the Supreme Lord, by the will of the Lord and through the agency of mother Sarasvatī he had been defeated. One should not, therefore, be too proud of one’s position. Even if one is a greatly learned scholar, if he commits an offense to the lotus feet of the Lord he will not be able to speak properly, in spite of his learning. In every respect, we are controlled. Our only duty, therefore, is to surrender always to the lotus feet of the Lord and not be falsely proud. Mother Sarasvatī created this situation to favor the champion paṇḍita so that he might surrender unto Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu.
Bengali
যে ব্যাখ্যা করিল, সে মনুষ্যের নহে শক্তি ।
নিমাঞি–মুখে রহি’ বলে আপনে সরস্বতী ॥ ৯০ ॥
নিমাঞি–মুখে রহি’ বলে আপনে সরস্বতী ॥ ৯০ ॥
Verse text
ye vyākhyā karila, se manuṣyera nahe śakti
nimāñi-mukhe rahi’ bale āpane sarasvatī
nimāñi-mukhe rahi’ bale āpane sarasvatī
Synonyms
Translation
“The wonderful explanation the boy has given could not have been possible for a human being. Therefore mother Sarasvatī must have spoken personally through His mouth.”
Bengali
এত ভাবি’ কহে,—শুন, নিমাঞি পণ্ডিত ।
তব ব্যাখ্যা শুনি’ আমি হইলাঙ বিস্মিত ॥ ৯১ ॥
তব ব্যাখ্যা শুনি’ আমি হইলাঙ বিস্মিত ॥ ৯১ ॥
Verse text
eta bhāvi’ kahe — śuna, nimāñi paṇḍita
tava vyākhyā śuni’ āmi ha-ilāṅ vismita
tava vyākhyā śuni’ āmi ha-ilāṅ vismita
Synonyms
Translation
Thinking thus, the paṇḍita said, “My dear Nimāi Paṇḍita, please hear me. Hearing Your explanation, I am simply struck with wonder.
Bengali
অলঙ্কার নাহি পড়, নাহি শাস্ত্রাভ্যাস ।
কেমনে এ সব অর্থ করিলে প্রকাশ ॥ ৯২ ॥
কেমনে এ সব অর্থ করিলে প্রকাশ ॥ ৯২ ॥
Verse text
alaṅkāra nāhi paḍa, nāhi śāstrābhyāsa
kemane e saba artha karile prakāśa
kemane e saba artha karile prakāśa
Synonyms
Translation
“I am surprised. You are not a literary student and do not have long experience in studying the śāstras. How have You been able to explain all these critical points?”
Bengali
ইহা শুনি’ মহাপ্রভু অতি বড় রঙ্গী ।
তাঁহার হৃদয় জানি’ কহে করি’ ভঙ্গী ॥ ৯৩ ॥
তাঁহার হৃদয় জানি’ কহে করি’ ভঙ্গী ॥ ৯৩ ॥
Verse text
ihā śuni’ mahāprabhu ati baḍa raṅgī
tāṅhāra hṛdaya jāni’ kahe kari’ bhaṅgī
tāṅhāra hṛdaya jāni’ kahe kari’ bhaṅgī
Synonyms
Translation
Hearing this and understanding the paṇḍita’s heart, Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu replied in a humorous way.
Bengali
শাস্ত্রের বিচার ভাল–মন্দ নাহি জানি ।
সরস্বতী যে বলায়, সেই বলি বাণী ॥ ৯৪ ॥
সরস্বতী যে বলায়, সেই বলি বাণী ॥ ৯৪ ॥
Verse text
śāstrera vicāra bhāla-manda nāhi jāni
sarasvatī ye balāya, sei bali vāṇī
sarasvatī ye balāya, sei bali vāṇī
Synonyms
Translation
“My dear sir, I do not know what is good composition and what is bad. But whatever I have spoken must be understood to have been spoken by mother Sarasvatī.”
Bengali
ইহা শুনি’ দিগ্বিজয়ী করিল নিশ্চয় ।
শিশুদ্বারে দেবী মোরে কৈল পরাজয় ॥ ৯৫ ॥
শিশুদ্বারে দেবী মোরে কৈল পরাজয় ॥ ৯৫ ॥
Verse text
ihā śuni’ digvijayī karila niścaya
śiśu-dvāre devī more kaila parājaya
śiśu-dvāre devī more kaila parājaya
Synonyms
Translation
When he heard this judgment from Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu, the paṇḍita sorrowfully wondered why mother Sarasvatī wanted to defeat him through a small boy.
Bengali
আজি তাঁরে নিবেদিব, করি’ জপ–ধ্যান ।
শিশুদ্বারে কৈল মোরে এত অপমান ॥ ৯৬
শিশুদ্বারে কৈল মোরে এত অপমান ॥ ৯৬
Verse text
āji tāṅre nivediba, kari’ japa-dhyāna
śiśu-dvāre kaila more eta apamāna
śiśu-dvāre kaila more eta apamāna
Synonyms
Translation
“I shall offer prayers and meditation to the goddess of learning,” the champion concluded, “and ask her why she has insulted me so greatly through this boy.”
Bengali
বস্তুতঃ সরস্বতী অশুদ্ধ শ্লোক করাইল ।
বিচার–সময় তাঁর বুদ্ধি আচ্ছাদিল ॥ ৯৭ ॥
বিচার–সময় তাঁর বুদ্ধি আচ্ছাদিল ॥ ৯৭ ॥
Verse text
vastutaḥ sarasvatī aśuddha śloka karāila
vicāra-samaya tāṅra buddhi ācchādila
vicāra-samaya tāṅra buddhi ācchādila
Synonyms
Translation
Sarasvatī had in fact induced the champion to compose his verse in an impure way. Furthermore, when it was discussed she covered his intelligence, and thus the Lord’s intelligence was triumphant.
Bengali
তবে শিষ্যগণ সব হাসিতে লাগিল ।
তা’–সবা নিষেধি’ প্রভু কবিরে কহিল ॥ ৯৮ ॥
তা’–সবা নিষেধি’ প্রভু কবিরে কহিল ॥ ৯৮ ॥
Verse text
tabe śiṣya-gaṇa saba hāsite lāgila
tā’-sabā niṣedhi’ prabhu kavire kahila
tā’-sabā niṣedhi’ prabhu kavire kahila
Synonyms
Translation
When the poetic champion was thus defeated, all the Lord’s disciples sitting there began to laugh loudly. But Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu asked them not to do so, and He addressed the poet as follows.
Bengali
তুমি বড় পণ্ডিত, মহাকবি–শিরোমণি ।
যাঁর মুখে বাহিরায় ঐছে কাব্যবাণী ॥ ৯৯ ॥
যাঁর মুখে বাহিরায় ঐছে কাব্যবাণী ॥ ৯৯ ॥
Verse text
tumi baḍa paṇḍita, mahākavi-śiromaṇi
yāṅra mukhe bāhirāya aiche kavya-vāṇī
yāṅra mukhe bāhirāya aiche kavya-vāṇī
Synonyms
Translation
“You are the most learned scholar and the topmost of all great poets, for otherwise how could such fine poetry come from your mouth?
Bengali
তোমার কবিত্ব যেন গঙ্গাজল–ধার ।
তোমা–সম কবি কোথা নাহি দেখি আর ॥ ১০০ ॥
তোমা–সম কবি কোথা নাহি দেখি আর ॥ ১০০ ॥
Verse text
tomāra kavitva yena gaṅgā-jala-dhāra
tomā-sama kavi kothā nāhi dekhi āra
tomā-sama kavi kothā nāhi dekhi āra
Synonyms
Translation
“Your poetic skill is like the constant flow of the waters of the Ganges. I find no one in the world who can compete with you.
Bengali
ভবভূতি, জয়দেব, আর কালিদাস ।
তাঁ–সবার কবিত্বে আছে দোষের প্রকাশ ॥ ১০১ ॥
তাঁ–সবার কবিত্বে আছে দোষের প্রকাশ ॥ ১০১ ॥
Verse text
bhavabhūti, jayadeva, āra kālidāsa
tāṅ-sabāra kavitve āche doṣera prakāśa
tāṅ-sabāra kavitve āche doṣera prakāśa
Synonyms
Translation
“Even in the poetic compositions of such great poets as Bhavabhūti, Jayadeva and Kālidāsa there are many examples of faults.
Bengali
দোষ–গুণ–বিচার—এই অল্প করি’ মানি ।
কবিত্ব–করণে শক্তি, তাঁহা সে বাখানি ॥ ১০২ ॥
কবিত্ব–করণে শক্তি, তাঁহা সে বাখানি ॥ ১০২ ॥
Verse text
doṣa-guṇa-vicāra — ei alpa kari’ māni
kavitva-karaṇe śakti, tāṅhā se vākhāni
kavitva-karaṇe śakti, tāṅhā se vākhāni
Synonyms
Translation
“Such mistakes should be considered negligible. One should see only how such poets have displayed their poetic power.
Purport
In Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam (1.5.11) it is said:
tad-vāg-visargo janatāgha-viplavo
yasmin prati-ślokam abaddhavaty api
nāmāny anantasya yaśo ’ṅkitāni yat
śṛṇvanti gāyanti gṛṇanti sādhavaḥ
yasmin prati-ślokam abaddhavaty api
nāmāny anantasya yaśo ’ṅkitāni yat
śṛṇvanti gāyanti gṛṇanti sādhavaḥ
“In explaining the glories of the Lord, inexperienced men may compose poetry with many faults, but because it contains glorification of the Lord, great personalities read it, hear it and chant it.” Despite its minute literary discrepancies, one must study poetry on the merit of its subject matter. According to Vaiṣṇava philosophy, any literature that glorifies the Lord, whether properly written or not, is first class. There need be no other considerations. The poetic compositions of Bhavabhūti, or Śrīkaṇṭha, include Mālatī-mādhava, Uttara-carita, Vīra-carita and many similar Sanskrit dramas. This great poet was born during the time of Bhojarāja as the son of Nīlakaṇṭha, a brāhmaṇa. Kālidāsa flourished during the time of Mahārāja Vikramāditya, and he became the state poet. He composed some thirty or forty Sanskrit dramas, including Kumāra-sambhava, Abhijñāna-śakuntalā and Megha-dūta. His drama Raghu-vaṁśa is especially famous. We have already described Jayadeva in chapter thirteen of the Ādi-līlā.
Bengali
শৈশব–চাপল্য কিছু না লবে আমার ।
শিষ্যের সমান মুঞি না হও তোমার ॥ ১০৩ ॥
শিষ্যের সমান মুঞি না হও তোমার ॥ ১০৩ ॥
Verse text
śaiśava-cāpalya kichu nā labe āmāra
śiṣyera samāna muñi nā haṅ tomāra
śiṣyera samāna muñi nā haṅ tomāra
Synonyms
Translation
“I am not even fit to be your disciple. Therefore kindly do not take seriously whatever childish impudence I have shown.
Bengali
আজি বাসা’ যাহ, কালি মিলিব আবার ।
শুনিব তোমার মুখে শাস্ত্রের বিচার ॥ ১০৪ ॥
শুনিব তোমার মুখে শাস্ত্রের বিচার ॥ ১০৪ ॥
Verse text
āji vāsā’ yāha, kāli miliba ābāra
śuniba tomāra mukhe śāstrera vicāra
śuniba tomāra mukhe śāstrera vicāra
Synonyms
Translation
“Please go back home, and tomorrow we may meet again so that I may hear discourses on the śāstras from your mouth.”
Bengali
এইমতে নিজ ঘরে গেলা দুই জন ।
কবি রাত্রে কৈল সরস্বতী–আরাধন ॥ ১০৫ ॥
কবি রাত্রে কৈল সরস্বতী–আরাধন ॥ ১০৫ ॥
Verse text
ei-mate nija ghare gelā dui jana
kavi rātre kaila sarasvatī-ārādhana
kavi rātre kaila sarasvatī-ārādhana
Synonyms
Translation
In this way both the poet and Caitanya Mahāprabhu went back to their homes, and at night the poet worshiped mother Sarasvatī.
Bengali
সরস্বতী স্বপ্নে তাঁরে উপদেশ কৈল ।
সাক্ষাৎ ঈশ্বর করি’ প্রভুকে জানিল ॥ ১০৬ ॥
সাক্ষাৎ ঈশ্বর করি’ প্রভুকে জানিল ॥ ১০৬ ॥
Verse text
sarasvatī svapne tāṅre upadeśa kaila
sākṣāt īśvara kari’ prabhuke jānila
sākṣāt īśvara kari’ prabhuke jānila
Synonyms
Translation
In a dream the goddess informed him of the Lord’s position, and the poetic champion could understand that Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu is the Supreme Personality of Godhead Himself.
Bengali
প্রাতে আসি’ প্রভুপদে লইল শরণ ।
প্রভু কৃপা কৈল, তাঁর খণ্ডিল বন্ধন ॥ ১০৭ ॥
প্রভু কৃপা কৈল, তাঁর খণ্ডিল বন্ধন ॥ ১০৭ ॥
Verse text
prāte āsi’ prabhu-pade la-ila śaraṇa
prabhu kṛpā kaila, tāṅra khaṇḍila bandhana
prabhu kṛpā kaila, tāṅra khaṇḍila bandhana
Synonyms
Translation
The next morning the poet came to Lord Caitanya and surrendered unto His lotus feet. The Lord bestowed His mercy upon him and cut off all his bondage to material attachment.
Purport
The same process advocated by Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa in His teachings of the Bhagavad-gītā as it is — “Surrender unto Me in all instances” — was advocated by Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu. The champion surrendered unto the Lord, and the Lord favored him. One who is favored by the Lord is freed from material bondage, as stated in the Bhagavad-gītā (4.9): tyaktvā dehaṁ punar janma naiti mām eti so ’rjuna.
Bengali
ভাগ্যবন্ত দিগ্বিজয়ী সফল–জীবন ।
বিদ্যা–বলে পাইল মহাপ্রভুর চরণ ॥ ১০৮ ॥
বিদ্যা–বলে পাইল মহাপ্রভুর চরণ ॥ ১০৮ ॥
Verse text
bhāgyavanta digvijayī saphala-jīvana
vidyā-bale pāila mahāprabhura caraṇa
vidyā-bale pāila mahāprabhura caraṇa
Synonyms
Translation
The poetic champion was certainly most fortunate. His life was successful by dint of his vast learning and erudite scholarship, and thus he attained the shelter of Lord Caitanya Mahāprabhu.
Purport
Śrī Narottama dāsa Ṭhākura has sung that the best qualification for taking shelter of the lotus feet of Lord Caitanya is to be the most fallen because the Lord came specifically to deliver the fallen souls. In this age there are very few scholars. Almost everyone is a fallen meat-eater, drunkard, woman-hunter or gambler. Such persons are never considered learned scholars, even if they pose as such. Because these so-called scholars superficially see that Caitanya Mahāprabhu associates with the fallen souls, they think that He is meant for a lower class of men but that they do not need Him. Thus such scholars do not take to the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement. To be puffed up with false learning, therefore, is a disqualification for accepting the Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement. But here is a special example, for although the poetic champion was a greatly learned scholar, the Lord also favored him because of his humble submission.
Bengali
এ–সব লীলা বর্ণিয়াছেন বৃন্দাবনদাস ।
যে কিছু বিশেষ ইঁহা করিল প্রকাশ ॥ ১০৯ ॥
যে কিছু বিশেষ ইঁহা করিল প্রকাশ ॥ ১০৯ ॥
Verse text
e-saba līlā varṇiyāchena vṛndāvana-dāsa
ye kichu viśeṣa ihāṅ karila prakāśa
ye kichu viśeṣa ihāṅ karila prakāśa
Synonyms
Translation
Śrīla Vṛndāvana dāsa Ṭhākura has described all these incidents elaborately. I have only presented the specific incidents he has not described.
Bengali
চৈতন্য–গোসাঞির লীলা—অমৃতের ধার ।
সর্বেন্দ্রিয় তৃপ্ত হয় শ্রবণে যাহার ॥ ১১০ ॥
সর্বেন্দ্রিয় তৃপ্ত হয় শ্রবণে যাহার ॥ ১১০ ॥
Verse text
caitanya-gosāñira līlā — amṛtera dhāra
sarvendriya tṛpta haya śravaṇe yāhāra
sarvendriya tṛpta haya śravaṇe yāhāra
Synonyms
Translation
The nectarean drops of Śrī Caitanya Mahāprabhu’s pastimes can satisfy the senses of everyone who hears them.
Bengali
শ্রীরূপ–রঘুনাথ–পদে যার আশ ।
চৈতন্যচরিতামৃত কহে কৃষ্ণদাস ॥ ১১১ ॥
চৈতন্যচরিতামৃত কহে কৃষ্ণদাস ॥ ১১১ ॥
Verse text
śrī-rūpa-raghunātha-pade yāra āśa
caitanya-caritāmṛta kahe kṛṣṇadāsa
caitanya-caritāmṛta kahe kṛṣṇadāsa
Synonyms
śrī-rūpa — Śrīla Rūpa Gosvāmī; raghunātha — Śrīla Raghunātha dāsa Gosvāmī; pade — at the lotus feet; yāra — whose; āśa — expectation; caitanya-caritāmṛta — the book named Caitanya-caritāmṛta; kahe — describes; kṛṣṇadāsa — Śrīla Kṛṣṇadāsa Kavirāja Gosvāmī.
Translation
Praying at the lotus feet of Śrī Rūpa and Śrī Raghunātha, always desiring their mercy, I, Kṛṣṇadāsa, narrate Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, following in their footsteps.
Purport
Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports to Śrī Caitanya-caritāmṛta, Ādi-līlā, sixteenth chapter, describing the pastimes of the Lord in His childhood and youth.